Delete a triply out-of-date comment from add_swap_count_continuation():
1. vmalloc_to_page() changed from pte_offset_map() to pte_offset_kernel()
2. pte_offset_map() changed from using kmap_atomic() to kmap_local_page()
3. kmap_atomic() changed from using fixed FIX_KMAP addresses in 2.6.37.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/9022632b-ba9d-8cb0-c25-4be9786481b5@google.com
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
early_pfn_to_nid() is called frequently in init_reserved_page(), it
returns the node id of the PFN. These PFN are probably from the same
memory region, they have the same node id. It's not necessary to call
early_pfn_to_nid() for each PFN.
Pass nid to reserve_bootmem_region() and drop the call to
early_pfn_to_nid() in init_reserved_page(). Also, set nid on all reserved
pages before doing this, as some reserved memory regions may not be set
nid.
The most beneficial function is memmap_init_reserved_pages() if
CONFIG_DEFERRED_STRUCT_PAGE_INIT is enabled.
The following data was tested on an x86 machine with 190GB of RAM.
before:
memmap_init_reserved_pages() 67ms
after:
memmap_init_reserved_pages() 20ms
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230619023406.424298-1-yajun.deng@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Yajun Deng <yajun.deng@linux.dev>
Reviewed-by: Mike Rapoport (IBM) <rppt@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
On some machines, the normal zone can have a large memory hole like below
memory layout, and we can see the range from 0x100000000 to 0x1800000000
is a hole. So when isolating some migratable pages, the scanner can meet
the hole and it will take more time to skip the large hole. From my
measurement, I can see the isolation scanner will take 80us ~ 100us to
skip the large hole [0x100000000 - 0x1800000000].
So adding a new helper to fast search next online memory section to skip
the large hole can help to find next suitable pageblock efficiently. With
this patch, I can see the large hole scanning only takes < 1us.
[ 0.000000] Zone ranges:
[ 0.000000] DMA [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x00000000ffffffff]
[ 0.000000] DMA32 empty
[ 0.000000] Normal [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x0000001fa7ffffff]
[ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x0000000fffffffff]
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000001800000000-0x0000001fa3c7ffff]
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000001fa3c80000-0x0000001fa3ffffff]
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000001fa4000000-0x0000001fa402ffff]
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000001fa4030000-0x0000001fa40effff]
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000001fa40f0000-0x0000001fa73cffff]
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000001fa73d0000-0x0000001fa745ffff]
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000001fa7460000-0x0000001fa746ffff]
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000001fa7470000-0x0000001fa758ffff]
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000001fa7590000-0x0000001fa7ffffff]
[baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com: limit next_ptn to not exceed cc->free_pfn]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/a1d859c28af0c7e85e91795e7473f553eb180a9d.1686813379.git.baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/75b4c8ca36bf44ad8c42bf0685ac19d272e426ec.1686705221.git.baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com
Signed-off-by: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com>
Suggested-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Pull hotfixes from Andrew Morton:
"19 hotfixes. 8 of these are cc:stable.
This includes a wholesale reversion of the post-6.4 series 'make slab
shrink lockless'. After input from Dave Chinner it has been decided
that we should go a different way [1]"
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/ZH6K0McWBeCjaf16@dread.disaster.area [1]
* tag 'mm-hotfixes-stable-2023-06-20-12-31' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm:
selftests/mm: fix cross compilation with LLVM
mailmap: add entries for Ben Dooks
nilfs2: prevent general protection fault in nilfs_clear_dirty_page()
Revert "mm: vmscan: make global slab shrink lockless"
Revert "mm: vmscan: make memcg slab shrink lockless"
Revert "mm: vmscan: add shrinker_srcu_generation"
Revert "mm: shrinkers: make count and scan in shrinker debugfs lockless"
Revert "mm: vmscan: hold write lock to reparent shrinker nr_deferred"
Revert "mm: vmscan: remove shrinker_rwsem from synchronize_shrinkers()"
Revert "mm: shrinkers: convert shrinker_rwsem to mutex"
nilfs2: fix buffer corruption due to concurrent device reads
scripts/gdb: fix SB_* constants parsing
scripts: fix the gfp flags header path in gfp-translate
udmabuf: revert 'Add support for mapping hugepages (v4)'
mm/khugepaged: fix iteration in collapse_file
memfd: check for non-NULL file_seals in memfd_create() syscall
mm/vmalloc: do not output a spurious warning when huge vmalloc() fails
mm/mprotect: fix do_mprotect_pkey() limit check
writeback: fix dereferencing NULL mapping->host on writeback_page_template
try_get_folio() takes in a page, then chooses to do some folio operations
based on the flags (either FOLL_GET or FOLL_PIN). We can rewrite this
function to be more purpose oriented.
After calling try_get_folio(), if neither FOLL_GET nor FOLL_PIN are set,
warn and fail. If FOLL_GET is set we can return the result. If FOLL_GET
is not set then FOLL_PIN is set, so we pin the folio.
This change assists with folio conversions, and makes the function more
readable.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230614021312.34085-5-vishal.moola@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Vishal Moola (Oracle) <vishal.moola@gmail.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
KASAN's boot time kernel parameter 'kasan.fault=' currently supports
'report' and 'panic', which results in either only reporting bugs or also
panicking on reports.
However, some users may wish to have more control over when KASAN reports
result in a kernel panic: in particular, KASAN reported invalid _writes_
are of special interest, because they have greater potential to corrupt
random kernel memory or be more easily exploited.
To panic on invalid writes only, introduce 'kasan.fault=panic_on_write',
which allows users to choose to continue running on invalid reads, but
panic only on invalid writes.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230614095158.1133673-1-elver@google.com
Signed-off-by: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Aleksandr Nogikh <nogikh@google.com>
Cc: Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Taras Madan <tarasmadan@google.com>
Cc: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
When an entry started writeback, it used to be invalidated with ref count
logic alone, meaning that it would stay on the tree until all references
were put. The problem with this behavior is that as soon as the writeback
started, the ownership of the data held by the entry is passed to the
swapcache and should not be left in zswap too. Currently there are no
known issues because of this, but this change explicitly invalidates an
entry that started writeback to reduce opportunities for future bugs.
This patch is a follow up on the series titled "mm: zswap: move writeback
LRU from zpool to zswap" + commit f090b7949768("mm: zswap: support
exclusive loads").
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230614143122.74471-1-cerasuolodomenico@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Domenico Cerasuolo <cerasuolodomenico@gmail.com>
Suggested-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Dan Streetman <ddstreet@ieee.org>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Seth Jennings <sjenning@redhat.com>
Cc: Vitaly Wool <vitaly.wool@konsulko.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
When running UnixBench/Execl throughput case, false sharing is observed
due to frequent read on base_addr and write on free_bytes, chunk_md.
UnixBench/Execl represents a class of workload where bash scripts are
spawned frequently to do some short jobs. It will do system call on execl
frequently, and execl will call mm_init to initialize mm_struct of the
process. mm_init will call __percpu_counter_init for percpu_counters
initialization. Then pcpu_alloc is called to read the base_addr of
pcpu_chunk for memory allocation. Inside pcpu_alloc, it will call
pcpu_alloc_area to allocate memory from a specified chunk. This function
will update "free_bytes" and "chunk_md" to record the rest free bytes and
other meta data for this chunk. Correspondingly, pcpu_free_area will also
update these 2 members when free memory.
Call trace from perf is as below:
+ 57.15% 0.01% execl [kernel.kallsyms] [k] __percpu_counter_init
+ 57.13% 0.91% execl [kernel.kallsyms] [k] pcpu_alloc
- 55.27% 54.51% execl [kernel.kallsyms] [k] osq_lock
- 53.54% 0x654278696e552f34
main
__execve
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe
do_syscall_64
__x64_sys_execve
do_execveat_common.isra.47
alloc_bprm
mm_init
__percpu_counter_init
pcpu_alloc
- __mutex_lock.isra.17
In current pcpu_chunk layout, `base_addr' is in the same cache line with
`free_bytes' and `chunk_md', and `base_addr' is at the last 8 bytes. This
patch moves `bound_map' up to `base_addr', to let `base_addr' locate in a
new cacheline.
With this change, on Intel Sapphire Rapids 112C/224T platform, based on
v6.4-rc4, the 160 parallel score improves by 24%.
The pcpu_chunk struct is a backing data structure per chunk, so the
additional memory should not be dramatic. A chunk covers ballpark
between 64kb and 512kb memory depending on some config and boot time
stuff, so I believe the additional memory used here is nominal at best.
Working the #s on my desktop:
Percpu: 58624 kB
28 cores -> ~2.1MB of percpu memory.
At say ~128KB per chunk -> 33 chunks, generously 40 chunks.
Adding alignment might bump the chunk size ~64 bytes, so in total ~2KB
of overhead?
I believe we can do a little better to avoid eating that full padding,
so likely less than that.
[dennis@kernel.org: changelog details]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230610030730.110074-1-yu.ma@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Yu Ma <yu.ma@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Android reported a performance regression in the userfaultfd unmap path.
A closer inspection on the userfaultfd_unmap_prep() change showed that a
second tree walk would be necessary in the reworked code.
Fix the regression by passing each VMA that will be unmapped through to
the userfaultfd_unmap_prep() function as they are added to the unmap list,
instead of re-walking the tree for the VMA.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230601015402.2819343-1-Liam.Howlett@oracle.com
Fixes: 69dbe6daf1 ("userfaultfd: use maple tree iterator to iterate VMAs")
Signed-off-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Reported-by: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Suggested-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "mm: zswap: move writeback LRU from zpool to zswap", v3.
This series aims to improve the zswap reclaim mechanism by reorganizing
the LRU management. In the current implementation, the LRU is maintained
within each zpool driver, resulting in duplicated code across the three
drivers. The proposed change consists in moving the LRU management from
the individual implementations up to the zswap layer.
The primary objective of this refactoring effort is to simplify the
codebase. By unifying the reclaim loop and consolidating LRU handling
within zswap, we can eliminate redundant code and improve
maintainability. Additionally, this change enables the reclamation of
stored pages in their actual LRU order. Presently, the zpool drivers
link backing pages in an LRU, causing compressed pages with different
LRU positions to be written back simultaneously.
The series consists of several patches. The first patch implements the
LRU and the reclaim loop in zswap, but it is not used yet because all
three driver implementations are marked as zpool_evictable.
The following three commits modify each zpool driver to be not
zpool_evictable, allowing the use of the reclaim loop in zswap.
As the drivers removed their shrink functions, the zpool interface is
then trimmed by removing zpool_evictable, zpool_ops, and zpool_shrink.
Finally, the code in zswap is further cleaned up by simplifying the
writeback function and removing the now unnecessary zswap_header.
This patch (of 7):
Each zpool driver (zbud, z3fold and zsmalloc) implements its own shrink
function, which is called from zpool_shrink. However, with this commit, a
unified shrink function is added to zswap. The ultimate goal is to
eliminate the need for zpool_shrink once all zpool implementations have
dropped their shrink code.
To ensure the functionality of each commit, this change focuses solely on
adding the mechanism itself. No modifications are made to the backends,
meaning that functionally, there are no immediate changes. The zswap
mechanism will only come into effect once the backends have removed their
shrink code. The subsequent commits will address the modifications needed
in the backends.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230612093815.133504-1-cerasuolodomenico@gmail.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230612093815.133504-2-cerasuolodomenico@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Domenico Cerasuolo <cerasuolodomenico@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reviewed-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <senozhatsky@chromium.org>
Cc: Dan Streetman <ddstreet@ieee.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Seth Jennings <sjenning@redhat.com>
Cc: Vitaly Wool <vitaly.wool@konsulko.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Huge pmd sharing operates on PUD not PMD, huge_pte_lock() is not suitable
in this case because it should only work for last level pte changes, while
pmd sharing is always one level higher.
Meanwhile, here we're locking over the spte pgtable lock which is even not
a lock for current mm but someone else's.
It seems even racy on operating on the lock, as after put_page() of the
spte pgtable page logically the page can be released, so at least the
spin_unlock() needs to be done after the put_page().
No report I am aware, I'm not even sure whether it'll just work on taking
the spte pmd lock, because while we're holding i_mmap read lock it probably
means the vma interval tree is frozen, all pte allocators over this pud
entry could always find the specific svma and spte page, so maybe they'll
serialize on this spte page lock? Even so, doesn't seem to be expected.
It just seems to be an accident of cb900f4121.
Fix it with the proper pud lock (which is the mm's page_table_lock).
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230612160420.809818-1-peterx@redhat.com
Fixes: cb900f4121 ("mm, hugetlb: convert hugetlbfs to use split pmd lock")
Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <naoya.horiguchi@nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
